Abstract

Goal-setting is a key component to psychotherapy; however, little is known about self-generated goals of veterans with trauma distress. In this study, we explored goals set by veterans within a positive psychology intervention. Qualitative data was collected in an online intervention study that targeted positive social processes by eliciting moral elevation—feeling inspired by others’ virtuous actions. The sample included veterans who endorsed significant PTSD symptoms and moral injury distress. Participants completed 8 web-based, self-guided sessions that included setting their own goals and reporting on the outcomes in subsequent sessions using text responses. All qualitative data was coded using an inductive approach by study personnel. Separate raters reviewed all codes independently to identify themes. The most common themes of self-generated goals included prosocial behavior, enhancing family relationships, and self-improvement activities. Themes for successful outcome reactions included positive emotions and noticing a positive impact on others. Common themes for barriers included other responsibilities, interfering, negative emotions, lack of motivation, and personal limitations. Strategies to overcome barriers were also identified. These qualitative findings offer a novel contribution by providing greater context for behavioral goal pursuits among veterans with trauma distress. While many veterans noted positive reactions to completing goals, several identified significant challenges. Veterans also identified several strategies that may aid in the completion of future goals. Further examination of self-generated goals among veterans in mental health treatment is warranted, which might lead to improvements in the goal setting process of self-management programs and may contribute to better treatment outcomes.